Flame-Retardant

Flame-retardant finish reduces textile flammability and slows fire spread, providing critical protection in environments where fire safety is paramount. This treatment is not optional for many commercial applications—it's mandated by building codes and safety regulations.

Treatment methods vary in permanence and application. Topical application applies FR chemicals to the fabric surface, offering flexibility but potentially affecting hand feel. Back-coating applies a flame-retardant layer to the reverse side, preserving the face appearance. Inherent FR fibers, such as modacrylic or certain polyesters, have flame resistance built into their molecular structure and never wash out. Reactive FR chemicals bond chemically with fibers for durable protection that withstands repeated laundering.

Compliance requires meeting specific testing standards depending on the market and application. NFPA 701 governs draperies and curtains in the United States, while BS 5852 covers upholstered furniture in the UK. The European EN 13773 standard applies to curtains and drapes, and California TB 117 addresses upholstered furniture sold in that state. Each standard specifies ignition sources, test methods, and pass/fail criteria.

Effective flame-retardant fabrics must demonstrate self-extinguishing behavior (flames die when the ignition source is removed), limited flame spread, reduced smoke generation, and char formation that creates a protective barrier. These properties work together to slow fire development and provide evacuation time.

Hotels, healthcare facilities, public transportation, theaters, entertainment venues, and aircraft interiors all require flame-retardant textiles. Buyers should specify the applicable standard and request test certificates to ensure compliance.