Water Jet Loom

A water jet loom propels the weft yarn across the shed using a fine, high-velocity stream of water generated by a high-pressure pump. The focused water jet carries the yarn with remarkable efficiency, while a suction system removes excess moisture from the fabric. This technology achieves insertion rates of 1,200–2,000 meters per minute at operating speeds of 500–1,000 RPM, with reed widths typically ranging from 150 to 360 cm.

The key advantage of water jet looms lies in their energy efficiency—they consume significantly less power than air jet looms while still delivering very high weaving speeds. The water-based insertion also produces exceptionally clean, smooth fabric surfaces with lower noise levels than pneumatic alternatives. Water consumption is modest at 2–4 liters per minute, though mills must factor in water treatment systems and post-weaving drying processes.

The critical limitation is fiber compatibility: water jet looms work only with hydrophobic fibers that repel water rather than absorbing it. This makes them ideal for polyester, nylon, and other synthetic filaments but unsuitable for cotton, wool, or other natural fibers. They dominate production of polyester home textiles, swimwear and sportswear fabrics, umbrella materials, and industrial synthetic textiles. For natural fiber weaving or blends, a rapier loom provides the necessary versatility. Proper yarn preparation through a winding machine ensures consistent package quality for high-speed weaving.